Goucher College 2017-2018 Undergraduate Catalogue 
    
    May 07, 2024  
Goucher College 2017-2018 Undergraduate Catalogue PLEASE NOTE: This is an archived catalog. Programs are subject to change each academic year.

Course Descriptions


 

Political Science

  
  • PSC 272Y - Intensive Course Abroad (1-4 Cr.)

    (LER - SA)(GCR - SA)
  
  • PSC 273 - American Political Behavior (2 Cr.)


    This course examines the formation of political beliefs, their translation into mass level political behavior, and the subsequent ramifications for American politics. Topics include the nature and origin of political beliefs focusing on key determinants of vote choice, political participation, and public opinion. Additionally, the course analyzes the connection between public opinion and government officials and institutions. Variable semesters. Kromer.
  
  • PSC 279 - World Crisis (2 Cr.)


    This 7 week course will constitute a specific intensive study into a single world crisis. Topics are selected based on current world problems. Depending on the problem, we draw in appropriate theoretical frameworks and methods, including but not restricted to those from international relations. Fall semester. Offered Fall 2017 and every other year. Chernov Hwang.
  
  • PSC 283 - Topics in Social Science (4 Cr.)

    (SOA 283 )
    Targeting social science majors, this course will be team-taught by Monteverde Institute (MVI) and visiting faculty, with topics reflecting the expertise of visiting faculty and MVI’s thematic emphasis on water, ecotourism, land-use planning and development, community health, and tropical ecology and biodiversity. In addition, students will learn social science research methodologies applicable to their research projects. Prerequisites: 200-level course in social sciences. Methods course encouraged. Spring semester.
  
  • PSC 290 - Political Science and International Relations Internship (1-4 Cr.)


    The political science major requires at least one 2-4 credit internship as a degree requirement.  Students may choose to complete a second 2-4 credit internship to count as an elective within the major.  Each credit requires 45 hours of work at the internship site. Internships may be taken for a letter grade only and require an academic component which will be overseen by a faculty member. Prerequisites: a political science course and permission of director. Students are accepted on the basis of course background and availability to upper-level students. First-year students are eligible. Preliminary application and interview required.
  
  • PSC 299 - Independent Work (1-4 Cr.)


    An independent research project and presentation of findings or a special program of directed readings. Students arrange individually with any member of the program. Prerequisite: sophomore standing.
  
  • PSC 306 - Seminar in Political Theory (4 Cr.)


    The topic of this seminar will vary between semesters: students are advised to check with the instructor for upcoming themes. Topics may include some of the following: Aristotle; the political theory of cosmopolitanism; theories of sovereignty; Thucydides and imperialism. Whatever the theme, the seminar requires students to sustain a deep engagement with difficult texts and to participate fully in class discussions. A research paper is required. Prerequisites: 200 level Theory course. Variable semesters.
  
  • PSC 321 - Terrorism and Political Violence (4 Cr.)


    This course examines the life cycle of terrorist groups and terrorists, including becoming a terrorist, being a terrorist and ceasing participation in acts of terrorism. Students will learn about theories of terrorism, tactics, recruitment, radicalization and the end of terrorist campaigns. Cases will be drawn from nationalist, right wing, left wing and religious terrorist groups.  Prerequisite: two courses in political science, junior standing, or permission of the instructor. Chernov-Hwang.
  
  • PSC 333 - State Politics and Policy (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSC 233)
    This course examines the dynamics of state government, including the legislative process, the role of the executive, and the impact of political parties and interest groups on policy making. Students will learn how to conduct quantitative evaluations of state-level policy and process. Variable semesters. Kromer.
  
  • PSC 342 - Seminar in Presidential Politics (4 Cr.)


    This course examines the development of the office of the presidency and executive power.  Readings will explore contemporary issues of the modern presidency.  It is recommended that students have completed PSC 143  prior to taking this course. Variable semesters. Kasniunas.
  
  • PSC 343 - Seminar in Congressional Politics (4 Cr.)


    A study of the legislative branch in the American system of government. This course considers the incentives and goals of members of Congress and the nature of institutional arrangements. Special attention is given to the changes and reforms occurring since 1995 and their implications for policy-making. It is recommended that students have completed PSC 143  prior to taking this course. Variable semesters. Kasniunas.
  
  • PSC 359 - Seminar on African Politics (4 Cr.)


    Examination of the internal and external dynamics that affect the domestic and foreign policies of African states. Seminar participants are expected to develop a research topic and present their findings. Prerequisite: PSC 259  or permission of the instructor. Variable semesters. Singer.
  
  • PSC 365 - Asian Security (4 Cr.)


    The seminar in Asian Security will focus on security issues in Asia, most notably South and Southeast Asia. Topics include nuclear proliferation, the war over Kashmir, environmental security, food security, the drug trade and terrorism. Prerequisite: two courses in political science, junior standing, or permission of the instructor. Chernov-Hwang.
  
  • PSC 375 - Political Islam (4 Cr.)


    Political Islam is among the most salient, interesting, and misunderstood concepts in our political vocabulary today. This course will endeavor to unpack political Islam, focusing on the theoretical trends in the scholarship as well as the key Islamic social movements and political parties, which are affecting the political discourse. The course will draw on cases of both Sunni and Shia; Arab and non-Arab; and democratic, semi-democratic, and authoritarian polities. Prerequisite: two courses in political science, junior standing, or permission of the instructor. Spring semester. Chernov-Hwang.
  
  • PSC 399 - Advanced Independent Work (3-6 Cr.)


    Independent work leading to the senior thesis, which may be written as part of a student’s pursuit of honors in political science. Prerequisites: senior status, permission of instructor.
  
  • PSC 495 - Senior Thesis in Political Science (4 Cr.)

    (formerly PSC 350)
    Fall semester and spring semester.
  
  • PSC 496 - Seminar in Scope and Methods in Political Science (4 Cr.)


    What is politics and how should we study it? This course includes a review of competing views emphasizing classic works and contemporary research in the discipline. This course serves as the capstone experience for the political science major.  Prerequisite: Senior standing. Spring semester.
  
  • PSC 497 - Seminar in Theories of International Relations (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSC 350)
    Designed primarily for senior international relations majors, students examine issues of power, security, and conflict from a historical and theoretical perspective. Students survey leading IR research related to world order; how it is established, maintained and destroyed in the international realm.  Students gather evidence probing the extent to which IR theory is rooted in ideas born from the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution and the development of liberal democracy, and interrogate the discipline’s traditional assumptions of order and power.  The course then moves to connect theory to policy application and rethink concepts of security and war in the age of big data and in the dawn of cyberspace.  What are the current security problems or sources of disorder facing decision makers today and how are these likely to evolve in our future? Prerequisite: PSC 250  or PSC 257 , and Senior standing. Spring semester.

Prelaw Studies

  
  • PLS 204 - Law and Society (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PLS 100) (cross listed as SOA 204)
    An introductory, interdisciplinary examination of law as a social institution. Focus is on the origin, history, and philosophy of legal systems from an international perspective, as well as the relationship in the United States between common law and statutory law, federal and state law, the courts and legislative bodies, and the courts and the executive branch of government. Exploration of the legal profession, its history, practice, goals, and place in American society. Prerequisite: SOA 100 , legal studies minor, or permission of the instructor. Spring semester.
  
  • PLS 250 - Legal Research, Writing and Analysis (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PLS 350)
    This course explores the specialized methods of legal research, analysis and writing. This includes the conducting of computer assisted and other reporting services legal research as well as understanding and writing legal documentation. Prerequisite: PHL 278  and SOA 204 /PLS 204 . Fall semester.
  
  • PLS 290 - Prelaw Internship (2-4 Cr.)


    Internships with the court system, governmental agencies, and law enforcement agencies may be pursued during the academic year, January, and/or the summer. All internships require the approval of and are supervised by the program director. Graded pass/no pass only. Prerequisites: sophomore standing and permission of the director.
  
  • PLS 299 - Independent Work (1-4 Cr.)


  
  • PLS 385 - Business Law (4 Cr.)

    (BUS 385)
    This course explores the elements of business law including its regulations, the jurisprudence system and legal instruments. The latter includes torts, contracts, sales agency, transactions, negotiation instruments, and business entities. Prerequisite: For Legal Studies minors PLS 250 ; for business majors and minors WRT 206 , and 16 credits in BUS courses as well as junior status. Spring semester. First offered 2018.

Premedical Studies

  
  • PMS 290 - Premedical Internship (Variable Cr.)


    Placements in hospitals. Prerequisites: permission of the director and completion of appropriate courses in biological sciences, chemistry, mathematics, and physics. Graded pass/no pass only. Delahunty.

Psychology

  
  • PSY 105 - Introduction to Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 111) (LER Natural Science)
    This course provides an overview of the contemporary discipline of psychology, integrated with experiential learning activities designed to develop scientific thinking and research skills. Topics include fundamental issues in psychology, brain and behavior, perception, learning and cognition, personality theories, psychological disorders, and humanistic, developmental, and social psychologies. Students will learn the philosophical and methodological foundations of psychology as a scientific study of mind, brain, behavior, and human experience. Fall semester, repeated spring semester. Choe, LoPresto, Starkey.
  
  • PSY 201 - Professional Development in Psychology I (1 Cr.)


    Develop an enhanced understanding of the breadth of psychology as a discipline, as well as interdisciplinary connections, through discussions with psychology faculty. Explore the psychology major - requirements, courses, opportunities. Attend and discuss Center for Psychology events related to the field and to career/graduate school topics. Discuss academic success and student comportment. Create a 4-year plan for academic, personal, and professional goals. Required for psychology majors who enter Goucher starting Fall 2017. Prerequisite: PSY 105 . Will first be offered in Spring 2018. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 207 - Educational Psychology (2 Cr.)

    (cross-listed as ED 207)
    This course focuses on the core theories of learning as established through research in the fields of education and psychology. Topics include: the art and science of teaching; current theoretical perspectives of learning; academic motivation; selecting instructional practices and strategies to optimize learning.  Prerequisite: ED 104  and   or permission of instructor. Spring semester. Smith.
  
  • PSY 219 - Black Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (LER-DIV) (GCR RPP)
    Cultural psychology is a subfield within the areas of social psychology and cultural anthropology. It involves the study of the interconnections between and among intergenerationally transmitted behaviors, meanings, and symbols, and psychological processes such as cognition, affect, personality structure, and behavior. This course offers a foundation to the field through a case study of Black culture and psychology. Specifically, we will examine the cultural psychological experiences of people of African descent, primarily African Americans, and Black Psychology as a specialty with important implications for human and social science conceptual paradigms, theory, knowledge production methods, and intervention. Community Based Learning Course. Writing Enriched Curriculum Course. Prerequisite: PSY 105 . Restricted to first-year and sophomore students only, or juniors and seniors with instructor permission. Fall semester. Grayman-Simpson.
  
  • PSY 220 - Personality Psychology (4 Cr.)


    Personality refers to an individual’s characteristic patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, together with the psychological mechanisms behind these patterns. This course examines theories of personality, how personality persists and changes across the lifespan, how nature and nurture influence personality, and the measurement of personality. Emphasis on applications in clinical psychology. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Spring semester. Department.
  
  • PSY 221 - Assessment in Education for Improved Practice (2 Cr.)

    (cross-listed as ED 221)
    Knowing how to evaluate a student’s progress and achievement is an essential component in the teaching/learning process. In this course, we explore the macro legislative and accountability context impacting educators including Federal Legislation, Maryland assessment practices, and the Common Core. We practice mico processes of collecting and using information to adjust a particular practice for a particular outcome. We learn to use the “language” of assessment as well as the appropriate and inappropriate uses of assessment results. Theories and basic principles of test construction, progress monitoring, Curriculum-Based Measures, and authentic assessment will be discussed. Prerequisite: ED 207  or permission of the instructor. Spring semester. Smith.
  
  • PSY 222 - Human Learning and Memory (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 202)
    This class explores fundamental concepts and current issues in human learning and memory, with a focus on how and why behavior changes with experience, and how this information is stored in the mind. In addition to classic research and theories, there is emphasis on real-world applications, such as in the domains of education, mental health, and the legal system. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester. McCabe.
  
  • PSY 226 - Relational Psychology (4 Cr.)


    Moving away from a framework of psychological research, theory, and evaluation that unduly values objectivity, independence, and personal achievement, students explore collaboratively the ramifications of a psychology that places human relationship, connection, community, and care at the center of psychological health and development, where mutual empowerment and empathy, rather than separation from others, are the goals. This feminist, antiracist, and critical psychology recognizes the powerful impact of the sociocultural context in impeding mutuality, and provides an interpretive framework for understanding and reshaping culture, lives, and theory. Specific topics vary from year to year, but include the following: the works of Carol Gilligan, the relational psychology of Jean Baker Miller and the Stone Center, the psychology of gender (e.g., girls’ development, the construction of masculinity), the psychology of oppression, and relational classrooms and environments. Writing-Enriched Curriculum (WEC) course. Community Based Learning course. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive) or sophomore standing. Spring semester. Pringle.
  
  • PSY 227 - Feminist Psychology (4 Cr.)


    Examination of sociocultural and biological influences on the psychological development of women. Topics will include feminist scholarship and research; gender role socialization; women’s health and well-being; sexuality; and close relationships and family dynamics. Writing-Enriched Curriculum (WEC) course. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Restricted to first-year and sophomore students only, or juniors and seniors with instructor permission. Spring semester. Grayman-Simpson.
  
  • PSY 230 - Social Psychology (4 Cr.)


    Study of how the thoughts, behaviors, emotions, and motivations of individuals dynamically interact with the social context that surrounds them. Topics include close relationships, aggression, conformity and obedience, social cognition, group dynamics, stereotypes and prejudice, and the impact of gender roles and cultural ideology on the development of the social self. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Spring semester. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 233 - Sensation and Perception (4 Cr.)


    This course is a survey of current theory and research in perception. The primary goal is for students to gain an understanding of how people obtain reliable and useful information about the environment around them through their senses. Exploring several perceptual systems, including vision, audition, touch and pain, and smell and taste, we will cover topics such as the physiological structure of sensory systems, psychophysics, attention, sensory integration, and comparative perception. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester. Ghirardelli.
  
  • PSY 238 - Psychological Distress and Disorder (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 271)
    This course presents different approaches to understanding and conceptualizing psychological distress and disorder. The major psychological disorders will be examined in cultural context. Different theoretical perspectives will be considered, as well as the ways in which psychological disorders have been and are currently treated. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester; repeated spring semester in 2017 and alternate years. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 244 - Lifespan Developmental Psychology (4 Cr.)


    A lifespan approach tracing human development from conception through the life cycle until death. Important theoretical contributors are highlighted, including Freud, Erikson, Bowlby, Piaget, Chomsky, Kohlberg, and Kubler-Ross. Topics will include prenatal development, language acquisition, the formation of emotional bonds in relationships, personality and identity development, changes in family and work roles, and the experience of facing one’s mortality. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester. Choe.
  
  • PSY 245 - Psychology of Environmental Problems (4 Cr.)

    (cross-listed as ES 245) (LER-ENV)(GCR-ENV)
    This course outlines current environmental problems and their historical bases. The course then explores how different psychological perspectives view the relationship between individuals and the environment, as well as reviews psychological research related to environmental sustainability. Guidance is provided for improving environmental sustainability based on the different psychological perspectives. A major goal of this course is for students to develop an understanding of how psychology can contribute to promoting sustainability of the environment. A community-based learning experience is required. Prerequisite:   or PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester. Mills.
  
  • PSY 250 - Statistical Methods in Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 200) (LER Mathematical Reasoning)(GCR DAF)
    An introduction to and critical examination of statistical and quantitative methods as applied in psychology and related fields. Exploratory, descriptive, and inferential concepts, techniques, and applications are considered including frequency distributions, measures of central tendency, variability and correlation, parameter estimation, and hypothesis testing (binomial tests, t-tests, analyses of variance, chi square, and selected non-parametric approaches). Statistical packages such as SPSS for Windows will be introduced and used throughout the course. Prerequisites: PSY 105  or PSY 111(inactive); or ED 101(inactive); or ED 103(inactive); or ED 104 ; one additional 200-level psychology course or ED 207 ; or permission of the instructor. Fall semester, repeated spring semester. Ghirardelli.
  
  • PSY 295 - Independent Work (1-4 Cr.)


    Special fields of study within psychology pursued independently under the supervision of a faculty member. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive); sophomore standing; and permission of the instructor.
  
  • PSY 301 - Professional Development in Psychology II (1 Cr.)


    Continue to reflect and think critically about goals, motivations, and interests as a psychology student. Explore career paths, and post-undergraduate opportunities including graduate school. Discuss issues of professional comportment and development. Attend and discuss Center for Psychology events related to the field and to career/graduate school topics. Create a plan for remaining semesters at Goucher, and strategies to pursue professional goals in the future. Required for psychology majors who enter Goucher starting Fall 2017. Prerequisite: PSY 201 ; and junior or senior standing. First offered in Fall 2018, and in subsequent fall and spring semesters. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 302 - Quantitative Research Methods in Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 252) (GCR DA-AC)
    This course will address the overall process of psychological research from the development of a research question to the presentation of research results. Topics to be covered include the role of theory in the scientific method, research design, various collection techniques and analytic strategies for quantitative empirical data, and ethical considerations. Students will develop skills in scientific writing (APA style) and critically reading and reviewing the literature. The course will require statistical analysis of research data and interpretation of the results. WID (Writing in the Discipline) course. Prerequisites: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive), and PSY 250 . Fall semester, repeated spring semester. Choe and Friedman-Wheeler.
  
  • PSY 305 - Qualitative Research Methods in Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 255) (GCR DA-AC)
    An introduction to qualitative empirical methods and their application to selected problems of psychology, providing an introduction to issues of qualitative research design, analysis, and report writing. Central topics include narrative approaches, biography, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, and case study. These topics are introduced and developed in the context of student-generated, collaborative research projects of significance to researchers and participants and will involve field observations, open interviews, emergent design, and a variety of approaches to data analysis and interpretation. Ethical considerations are emphasized throughout. WID (Writing in the Discipline) course. Prerequisites: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive), and PSY 250 . Fall semester, repeated spring semester. Pringle and Grayman-Simpson.
  
  • PSY 312 - Existential and Humanistic Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 212)
    Major theories of existential and humanistic psychology are covered, including consideration of the work of May, Laing, Frankl, Fromm, Rogers, and Maslow. Themes of human freedom, love, peak experiences, and optimal development will be emphasized. This course has a community-based learning component. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Fall semester. Patrick.
  
  • PSY 322 - Cognitive Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 235)
    The science of Cognitive Psychology involves exploring how the human mind processes information. This includes studying how and why the human mind evolved, how it develops through the lifespan, how it accomplishes the extraordinary achievements necessary for day-to-day living, and what happens when something goes wrong. Major topics include: perception, attention, memory, imagery, language, problem solving, and decision-making. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Spring semester. McCabe.
  
  • PSY 337 - Neuroscience (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 237)
    This course is an introduction to the relationships between the brain, cognition, emotion, and behavior. Topics include the structure, function, and development of the human nervous system, and the neural bases of sensory and motor systems, learning, stress, atypical development, psychological disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Spring semester. Starkey.
  
  • PSY 338 - Health Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 239)
    Selected topics relevant to the ways in which the mind, body, and behavior interact in health and disease, including health behaviors and behavior change, coping with illness, self-management approaches to physical illness, the impact of stress and coping on disease and on immune function, and the relationship between psychopathology and physical health. Course involves a community-based learning component related to Goucher College’s move to being a smoke-free campus. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive). Spring semester. Offered in 2018 and alternate years. Friedman-Wheeler.
  
  • PSY 390 - Internship in Psychology (1-4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 290)
    Placements available in clinical, school, business, research, and other related settings. Students participate on site under the supervision of professionals in the field and also completed specific assignment(s) as determined by the faculty internship sponsor. Each credit requires 45 internship hours. Graded pass/no-pass only. If PSY 390 is taken as a pre-requisite for the Advanced Practicum Experience (and Capstone) PSY 490 for the psychology major, students should enroll in PSY 390 for at least 2 credits. Prerequisites: four courses in psychology and permission of instructor. Offered variable semesters.
  
  • PSY 394 - Mentored Research Team (variable credits)

    (Formerly PSY 298)
    This course is designed for students to gain valuable research experience and skills by working on a faculty-mentored research team at a basic level in the planning and/or execution of an empirical research project. Each credit requires 45 research team hours. If PSY 394 is taken as a pre-requisite for the Advanced Practicum Experience (and Capstone) PSY 494 for the psychology major, students should enroll in PSY 394 for at least 2 credits. Graded pass/no pass only. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: PSY 105  or PSY 111 (inactive); and permission of instructor.
  
  • PSY 412 - Seminar in Existential and Humanistic Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 315)
    Advanced exploration of topic in the study of existential and/or humanistic psychology. Topics will be selected from the following: Self-determination theory; the autonomy-relatedness dialectic; terror management theory; Gestalt therapy; intensive study of specific theorists, such as Laing, May, and Rogers. Prerequisites: PSY 230  or PSY 312  (formerly PSY 212); and either PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of instructor. Next offered Spring 2019. Department.
  
  • PSY 419 - Seminar in Cultural Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 379)
    Cultural psychology is a subfield within the areas of social psychology and cultural anthropology.  It involves the study of the interconnections between and among intergenerationally transmitted behaviors, meanings, and symbols, and psychological processes such as cognition, affect, personality structure, and behavior.  This particular seminar will: (1) consider anti-Black racism in its global context; (2) include anti-discrimination interpersonal response training; and (3) examine the culture and psychology of white racism from multiple perspectives including psychodynamic, clinical, behavioral, social psychological, and developmental psychological perspectives. May be repeated for credit with different topic. Prerequisites: PSY 219  or PSY 226  or PSY 230 ; and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of the instructor. Spring semester. Grayman-Simpson.
  
  • PSY 422 - Seminar in Cognitive Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 380)
    A detailed examination of one or more selected topic(s) in cognitive psychology, with an emphasis on critical evaluation of assumptions and methodologies for scientific study of the human mind. Topics may include: applied memory; cognitive perspectives on teaching and learning; representation of knowledge; psycholinguistics; problem solving; reasoning and decision making; case studies in cognitive processes.  Prerequisites: ED 207  or PSY 207  or PSY 222  (formerly PSY 202) or PSY 322  (formerly PSY 235); and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of the instructor. Spring semester. Offered 2018 and alternate years. McCabe.
  
  • PSY 426 - Research Seminar in Relational Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 328)
    A collaborative exploration of the social and psychological construction of “race” and “gender” in America and how they shape our lives, relationships, and communities, as well as how we might imagine and effect positive change. Relational and cultural theory will guide our encounters across race, gender, and other socially constructed political realities. Classes will be pedagogically complex, with shared responsibilities for respectfully discussing, brainstorming, problem-solving, and imagining our ways forward, using improvisational theatre, memoir, storytelling/listening/interpreting, case study, biography, phenomenology, and action research to mine knowledge, raise consciousness, and chart imaginative, collaborative interventions with positive outcomes. Prerequisites: PSY 226  or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of instructor. Fall semester. Offered 2017 and alternate years. Pringle.
  
  • PSY 427 - Research Seminar in the Psychology of Narrative and Meaning (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 306)
    Narrative psychology uses the “storied” nature of human understanding as an integrating paradigm. This course considers the history, methods, and practicality of this perspective in the context of autobiography; identity; encounters and perceptions of self and others; and traumatic disruptions and recovery of self and community. Students use qualitative and literary/narrative methods to explore lived experience and the meanings they hold. Collaborative classroom engagement, including improvisational community-theatre work and storytelling/listening, are required. A qualitative research project is also required.  Prerequisites: PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); and junior or senior standing; or permission of the instructor. Fall semester. Offered 2018 and alternate years. Pringle.
  
  • PSY 430 - Seminar in Social Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 370)
    Selected topics in social psychology with emphasis on current research. Topics are selected from intrinsic motivation, group behavior, attitudes, and social influence. May be repeated for credit with different topics. Prerequisites: PSY 230 ; and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of the instructor. Fall semester. Patrick.
  
  • PSY 433 - Seminar in Experimental Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 345)
    This seminar serves as an introduction to the experimental study of selected topics in perception and attention through a detailed examination of one or more selected topic(s). Topics are selected from among attention, sensory integration, comparative perception or other related topics. We will approach these topics in the context of the scientific method, research design, data collection techniques, and analytic strategies. May be repeated for credit with different topics. Prerequisites: PSY 233 ; and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly 255); or permission of instructor. Spring semester. Offered 2017 and alternate years. Ghirardelli.
  
  • PSY 437 - Seminar in Neuroscience (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 376)
    This seminar focuses on one or more specific topics relevant to neuroscience and physiological psychology, such as brain imaging, educational neuroscience, psychopharmacology, neuropsychological case studies, or other aspects of brain/behavior relationships. Prerequisites: PSY 337  (formerly 237); and PSY 302  (formerly 252) or PSY 305  (formerly 252) or permission of the instructor. Fall semester. Starkey.
  
  • PSY 438 - Seminar in Clinical Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 386)
    In-depth examination of selected topics in advanced clinical psychology. Topics include a discussion of theoretical and social issues in the prevention and treatment of psychological disorders.  May be repeated for credit with different topics. Prerequisite: PSY 238  (formerly PSY 271); and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of the instructor. Fall semester. Friedman-Wheeler, LoPresto.
  
  • PSY 444 - Seminar in Developmental Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 340)
    In-depth study of a selected topic in developmental psychology. Topic may be a particular stage of life (e.g., infancy, childhood, old age) or a current research issue (e.g., maternal employment, day care, friendship development, moral development). For each topic, attention is given to theoretical underpinnings, methodological issues, assessment of current knowledge, and directions for future investigations. May be repeated for credit with different topics.  Prerequisites: PSY 244 ; and PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); or permission of instructor. Spring semester. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 486 - Counseling Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 321)
    Counseling Psychology is a specialty within professional psychology that maintains a focus on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. It privileges the use of scientific inquiries to: (1)understand and support people through periods of psychological, social, and emotional distress; (2) prevent abnormal psychological, social, and emotional functioning; and (3) promote optimal functioning. Counseling psychology is grounded in evidence-based, strengths-focused, culturally sensitive, socially just practices. Students develop proficiency in microcounseling skills, and apply them in 4 hours/week of practicum work with an online chat counseling service (i.e., Trevor Chat, RAINN, and Common Ground Crisis Hotline). Practicum placements require application, background checks, and training during the spring & summer prior to the start of the fall course. Placement sites require a year-long commitment. Counts as an “Advanced Practicum Experience” course in psychology, and also as a Psychology Capstone. In addition to the course topic and relevant skill development, students will focus on broader integration of and reflection on their educational experiences. Prerequisites: Junior or senior standing; and PSY 312  (formerly 212), or PSY 220 , or PSY 238  (formerly 271). Fall semester. Grayman-Simpson.
  
  • PSY 488 - Advanced Self-Directed Projects in Psychology (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 329)
    This course provides the opportunity for students to consult with each other toward identifying topics of individual interest in psychology and developing those interests into more fully developed projects and proposals. Projects may consist of empirical research; development of programs, services, or interventions, or creative artwork or writing. Students will review relevant literature and work with their instructor, a faculty project mentor, and their classmates to clarify and refine their interests into a well-defined topic of inquiry before moving toward the generation of a project proposal. Alternatively, some students may enter the class with a previously developed project proposal and will use the class as an opportunity to work toward implementation of their project. Counts as an “Advanced Practicum Experience” course in psychology, and also as a Psychology Capstone. In addition to the course topic and relevant skill development, students will focus on broader integration of and reflection on their educational experiences.  Prerequisite: Junior or Senior standing and at least 5 courses in psychology; or permission of the instructor. Spring semester. Program faculty.
  
  • PSY 490 - Advanced Internship in Psychology (2-4 Cr.)


    Placements available in clinical, school, business, research, and other related settings. Students participate on site under the supervision of professionals in the field, and also complete substantive academic work at an advanced level as determined by the faculty internship sponsor. Each credit requires 45 internship hours. To count as an “Advanced Practicum Experience” course in psychology, and also as a Psychology Capstone, ordinarily students will complete 2 credits of PSY 390 (formerly 290) Internship in Psychology, followed by at 2 credits of PSY 490 (4 credits total). In addition to the course topic and relevant skill development, students will focus on broader integration of and reflection on their educational experiences. Must be taken for a letter grade.  Prerequisites: PSY 290 or PSY 390 ; and junior or senior standing; and permission of instructor. Offered variable semesters.
  
  • PSY 494 - Advanced Mentored Research Team (2-4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 398)
    Planning and executing an empirical research project on a faculty-mentored research team at an advanced level. Each credit requires 45 research team hours. To count as an “Advanced Practicum Experience” course in psychology, and also as a Psychology Capstone, students will ordinarily complete 2 credits of PSY 394  (formerly 298) Mentored Research Team, followed by 2 credits of PSY 494 (4 credits total). In addition to the course topic and relevant skill development, students will focus on broader integration of and reflection on their educational experiences. Must be taken for a letter grade. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: 5 courses in psychology, including PSY 302  (formerly PSY 252) or PSY 305  (formerly PSY 255); PSY 394  (formerly PSY 298); junior or senior standing; and permission of instructor. 
  
  • PSY 495 - Senior Thesis (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly PSY 450)
    Pursue an independent project related to psychology, following Goucher College guidelines for Senior Thesis. Each credit requires 45 thesis hours. Counts as an “Advanced Practicum Experience” course in psychology, and also as a Psychology Capstone. In addition to the thesis topic and relevant skill development, students will focus on broader integration of and reflection on their educational experiences. Prerequisites: Senior standing and instructor permission.

Public Health

  
  • PH 101 - Introduction to Public Health (2 Cr.)


    The goal of public health is to optimize the well-being of populations. We will learn about historical and contemporary research, policy, and practice aimed at preventing and eradicating contagious and chronic disease and limiting injuries, thus extending healthy life expectancy. The class will also introduce the basic measures and methods of the discipline with a focus on both U.S. and global issues. Fall semester. Greenberg.
  
  • PH 390 - Public Health Internship (1-4 Cr.)


    Experience in public health settings either locally or abroad. Prerequisites: permission of the Public health faculty and completion of appropriate coursework. Internship can be graded or taken pass/no pass, appropriate to the experience. Variable credit. Fall and spring semesters. Delahunty, Bess.
  
  • PH 497 - Public Health Capstone (2 Cr.)

    (Formerly PH 350)
    This course will provide a bridge to graduate study in Public Health. The course will be team-taught by faculty from Biology, Psychology, Sociology, and Peace Studies, focusing on approaches to research in Public Health, data analysis, literature review and grant writing. Our approach reflects the multidisciplinary nature of Public Health, and it will help you to identify and understand the role of the skills, methodologies and theoretical paradigms you bring to the table from your majors as you develop new abilities. Prerequisites: Open to juniors and seniors participating in the Public Health (PH) minor and having completed a statistics or methods course in the natural or social sciences (MA 268 PSY 250 EC 206 , PCE 210 , SOA 217 ), preferably with some introduction to SPSS. In addition, students should have completed a minimum of one course in each of the two additional categories defining the PH minor (Natural Science; Social Sciences and Peace Studies). This course may be open to other students by permission of the instructor. Spring, first offered 2016. Bess, Friedman-Wheeler.

Religion

  
  • RLG 120 - Speaking of God (4 Cr.)

    (LER - TXT)
    The premise of this course is that the way we speak of God is profoundly consequential. The metaphors we use for God and the ways we image God affect out understandings of ourselves and our world. This course will explore how our God-talk impacts economic justice, environmental justice, human oppression as well as our individual responses to the world. Offered Spring 2016 and alternate years thereafter.
  
  • RLG 130 - Introduction to World Religions (4 Cr.)

    (LER-DIV)
    This course will introduce students to the major beliefs and historical development of the world’s religions. Attention will be paid to how myth, doctrine, symbols, rituals and ethics shape these traditions. Students will engage with primary texts and will explore how these traditions have manifested in the United States and, through field trip opportunities, the Baltimore area. Fall Semester. Duncan.
  
  • RLG 153 - Religion and Society (4 Cr.)

    (LER-TXT)
    This is a lecture discussion course designed to introduce students to the phenomenon and study of religion. This will be achieved by exploring the meaning and nature of religion, the role of religion in the life of the individual; and the role of religion in the construction, maintenance, and daily life of society. Fall semester, repeated in spring semester.
  
  • RLG 206 - New Testament and Early Christianity (4 Cr.)

    (LER-TXT)
    This course will survey the text of the New Testament and the first three centuries of Christian history. Students will study the books of the New Testament with an eye to historical/critical methods of study and interpretation. In addition to close readings of the texts to explore the theology espoused within them, we will examine the Jewish roots of Christianity, non-biblical texts written during the same period and the cultural, political and religious Influences that lead to the beginning and growth of the Christian religion. No prior knowledge of the New Testament is needed. Fall 2017 and alternate years thereafter. Duncan.
  
  • RLG 208 - Philosophy of Religion (4 Cr.)

    (JS 208 and PHL 208) (LER DIV and LER TXT)
    In a historically sensitive and comparative manner, this course examines classical and contemporary philosophical accounts of the nature and existence of ultimate reality. Topics covered include conceptions of ultimate reality, evil, immortality, religious experience, and human subjectivity as well as arguments for and against theism, atheism, and agnosticism. Our approach will draw on both Eastern and Western traditions. Offered spring 2017 and every two years. Shuster.
  
  • RLG 236 - Womanist Theology (4 Cr.)

    (WGS 236 ) (LER-DIV)
    What is the meaning of faith for black women as they struggle for life and freedom? This course attempts to answer this question as it explores black women’s religious/theological experience from a Christian perspective. Attention is given to the nature of the social/historical struggle that informs black women’s understandings of themselves in relationship to God, church, and community. Reflective of the womanist tradition, this course accesses various media forms to discern the womanist religious experience. Prerequisite: one course in women, gender, and sexuality studies or religion or sophomore standing. Fall 2015 and alternate years thereafter.
  
  • RLG 239 - Religion and Politics in America (4 Cr.)

    (PSC 239) (GCR RPP)
    This course will cover the roots of the American separation of church and state, its practical application in the courts and in public policy and some of the trends and evolutions of this understanding resulting from changing aspects of the American political, social, and religious landscape. Using a combination of governmental documents, primary sources from politicians, theologians, and everyday Americans, students will examine the relationship between religion and politics in America in the context or race, gender, immigration, warfare, social reform and international relations. Spring 2017 and alternate years thereafter. Duncan.
  
  • RLG 240 - Special Topics in Religion (4 Cr.)


    Intermediate study in a historical period, theme, issue, or thinker in religious studies. Topics for a given semester are posted for registration. May be repeated with a different topic. Prerequisite: one course in religion or sophomore standing. Variable semesters.
  
  • RLG 266 - Introduction to Buddhism (4 Cr.)

    (LER DIV)(GCR RPP)
    This course is an introduction to Buddhism, from its origins in India, its spread throughout Asia to the West. We will examine the historical and cultural contexts in which Buddhist beliefs and practices developed and are still developing, and the views of contemporary Buddhist teachers on the how Buddhism is being integrated in the modern world. Experiential components include some meditation and mindfulness instruction as well as visits with local Buddhist teachers and practitioners. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or permission of instructor. Hopper.
  
  • RLG 268 - Chinese Philosophy (4 Cr.)

    (PHL 268 ) (LER TXT)
    An analysis of Asian philosophical and religious texts with particular emphasis on the Chinese tradition. Students read selected works from the vast scholarly literature of the Daoist, Buddhist, and Confucian traditions, and situate these text, their authors, and the schools they represent within their historical context. Prerequisite: sophomore standing, one course in philosophy, or permission of instructor. Spring semester. Spring 2017 and alternate years thereafter. DeCaroli.
  
  • RLG 273 - Queer(y)ing Religion (4 Cr.)

    (WGS 273 ) (LER-DIV)
    What does human sexuality have to do with God? What has been the meaning of sexuality within the Christian tradition? How has Christianity shaped the meaning of sexuality for society? These are some of the questions this course explores as it examines sexuality and the Christian tradition in relation to matters of homosexuality. Special attention will be given to theological and biblical concerns. Prerequisite: sophomore standing. Spring 2016 and alternate years thereafter.
  
  • RLG 290 - Internship (1-4 Cr.)


    Internship opportunities include work in faith-based organizations, religious communities, and community groups. Students complete work on site under the supervision of professionals in the field and also complete academic assignments as determined by the faculty internship sponsor. Each credit requires 45 hours at the internship site. Prerequisites include at least two Religion Courses. Graded pass/no pass. Course may be taken during academic semesters as well as summer and winter terms.
  
  • RLG 299 - Independent Work in Religion (1-4 Cr.)


    Special topics on study based on previous course work in the program and selected in conference with the instructor.
  
  • RLG 331 - Problems of Evil and Suffering (4 Cr.)


    What is the meaning of evil? How are we to understand human suffering? What is the meaning of the human being in relation to evil? What is the significance of God in relation to evil and suffering? What is the meaning of truth and justice in light of evil? These are some of the questions this course considers as it investigates the problem of evil and suffering. Theological, philosophical, literary as well as justice responses to particular social/historical manifestations of evil (i.e., slavery and the Holocaust) are examined in order to help students discern the complex issues with regard to evil/suffering and to develop their own theological, philosophical, and justice-related responses. Prerequisite: one course in religion or sophomore standing. Fall 2017 and alternate years thereafter.
  
  • RLG 333 - Christian Ethics and War (4 Cr.)

    ( )
    How do religions impact individual and communal self-understanding and decision-making? In this course students are introduced to the study of Christian ethics through investigation and analysis of one particular ethical issue: war. Students study war theory and its relationship to Christianity, as well as Christian pacifism and nonviolence. Their investigation will focus on how Christian sacred texts, history, theology, and practice are utilized by Christian ethicists to diverse ends. Prerequisite: one course in religion or sophomore standing. Fall 2016 and alternate years thereafter. Duncan
  
  • RLG 334 - Special Topics in American Religious History (4 Cr.)


    Courses to cover specific religious movements, themes and topics in American Religious History. This course will involve either a field-work or community-based learning component. Offered most Spring semesters.
  
  • RLG 370 - Topics in Religion, Gender and Sexuality (4 Cr.)


    Courses will cover specific religious and social movements, themes and topics in Religion, Gender and Sexuality. Prerequisite: one course in Religion or Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies. First offered 2016.
  
  • RLG 399 - Advanced Independent Work (4 Cr.)


    Advanced independent work designed in conference with an advising faculty member. Junior or Senior standing recommended. Variable semesters. 
  
  • RLG 495 - Senior Thesis (4 Cr.)

    (Formerly RLG 450)


     

    Advanced independent work in the Religion major for qualifying seniors. Required for Honors in the major. Must be taken in both the Fall and Spring of the Senior year and in conjunction with RLG 497 Religion Major Capstone. Variable semesters.

  
  • RLG 497 - Religion Major Capstone (2 Cr.)

    (Formerly RLG 395)
    All senior Religion Majors will register for this course in conjunction with either RLG 499 Capstone Independent Work or RLG 495 Senior Thesis. Enrolled students will meet as a group regularly throughout the semester for faculty and peer mentoring related to independent research projects. The course will end with presentations of projects to the group and other Religion program students and faculty. Prerequisite: Religion major and Senior standing. Spring semester.
  
  • RLG 499 - Capstone Independent Work (4 Cr.)


    Independent work completed in conjunction with RLG 497 Religion Major Capstone. For students not completing a senior thesis. Prerequisite: Senior standing Religion major. Spring semester. Program faculty.

Russian

The following courses are taught in Russian:

  
  • RUS 110 - Elements of Russian I (4 Cr.)


    Grammar explanations in English. Drills in Russian. Communicative approach with special emphasis on rudimentary vocabulary, basic reading and conversational skills grounded in Russian culture. All three sections give students with no background in Russian a firm foothold in the language. 110.001 and .002 are regular-paced sections intended for future majors or minors. Course 110.002 is offered at the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) as 377.131.  Slower-paced section 110.003, taught at Goucher, will require remedial independent study to test into the next course. All sections four contact hours. Fall semester Czeczulin and Samilenko.
  
  • RUS 120 - Elements of Russian II (4 Cr.)


    Grammar explanations in English. Drills in Russian. Continuation of  Elements of Russian I with abundant oral and aural practice. Grammar, vocabulary, reading, discussion grounded in contemporary Russian culture.  120.001 and .002 are regular-paced sections intended for future majors or minors. Course 120.002 is offered at the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) as 377.132. Section 120.003, taught at Goucher, will require completion of a remedial independent study to test into the next course. All sections four contact hours.  Prerequisite: RUS 110  with a minimum grade of C-. Spring semester. Czeczulin and Samilenko.
  
  • RUS 130 - Intermediate Russian I (4 Cr.)

    (LER-FL)
    Grammar explanations in English. Drills in Russian. Intensive oral work. Continued emphasis on grammar and reading comprehension. RUS 130.001 and .002 are regular-paced sections intended for future majors or minors. Course 130.002 is offered at the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) as 377.208. Section 130.003, taught at Goucher, will require a remedial independent study to test into the next course. All sections four contact hours with the instructor. Prerequisite: RUS 120  with a minimum grade of C-. Fall semester. Czeczulin.
  
  • RUS 225/325 - Historical Linguistics (4 Cr.)


    In English. Other languages used as examples.  Prior knowledge of Russian not required for 250E (non-majors/minors); Knowledge of Russian is required for 250R and 350 (majors and minors). Major and minor credit given for either 250 or 350, not both.  This course offers a comparative study of the history of the Russian Language against the background of other Indo-European languages and families. Students are taught limited IPA phonetics and research techniques. Prerequisite: WRT 219 . Alternating years 2018. Spring semester. Czeczulin.
  
  • RUS 231 - Speaking Russian (2 Credits GC; 3 credit Colltown.)


    In Russian.  The two-credit conversation course, taken in a studio setting, is designed to be taken in conjunction with RUS 248 . Weekly topics for further study emerge from texts read in class. Students are encouraged to engage native speakers in Baltimore, listen to and discuss Russian music and view and discuss Russian television programs.  Not a requirement for the Goucher Russian Major or Minor. May be taken as an elective. Offered Pass/No Pass or for a grade.
  
  • RUS 248 - Advanced Russian Grammar for Fluency (4 Cr.)


    Grammar explanations in English. Drills in Russian. Advanced grammar topics, including participles and gerunds, verbal aspect and formation, and the subjunctive. Students are advised to take this course concurrently with  . Prerequisite: RUS 130  with a minimum grade of C- Spring. Czeczulin.
  
  • RUS 250/350 - Russian Culture and Civilization Rotating Topics (4 GC; 3 JHU)

    (cross listed with WL 253, WL 353, WL 269) (LER TXT and LER DIV)


    In English with 1-credit Russian option. Rotating topics on a three-year cycle, alternating years.  Cross-curricular research in another discipline relating to the topic of study. May be taken more than once under a different topic. Only one course may be applied toward a minor and two courses toward the major.  Colltown students may take the course for 4 credits by completing a capstone paper or documented Community-Based Learning project. 4 Credits.

    The rotating topics are as follows:

    Topic I: Soul of Russia: In English with 1-credit Russian option. LER Textual Analysis. Russian traditions, folklore, conceptions of the world, and the search for national identity are studied in juxtaposition with Russian history and literature, music, cuisine, and dance. At the 300-level students are required to complete a research paper and a capstone project using Russian or one that is Community-Based.  Prerequisite: 253 - none; 353 -permission of instructor. Alternating years 2017. Spring semester. Czeczulin.

    Topic II: Russian Fairytale: Critical Analysis: In English with 1-credit Russian option. LER Textual AnalysisI. A multimedia survey course of Russian oral and subsequent written traditions presented against the background of the Indo-European traditions. Capstone project or a documented Community- Based Learning capstone project with instructor’s permission. Prerequisite: none. Alternating years 2017, Spring semester. Czeczulin.

    Topic III: Out of the Shadows: Women in Russia In English. An examination of the role of Russian women in the world and the significance of their contributions from diverse perspectives, including feminist methodology. Research paper and capstone project or a documented Community-Based Learning capstone project. Prerequisite: none. Alternating years 2017. Spring semester. Czeczulin.

  
  • RUS 251 - Introduction to Russian Literature I (4 cr. GC; 3 cr. JHU)


    In Russian. Primarily a reading course for mid-intermediate students comprised of annotated texts supplemented by short written assignments. Native speakers read authentic texts. Major genres, and literary movements of the late 18th to  mid-19th century are covered in the works of major writers: Karamzin, Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol, Turgenev, Tolstoy, and Dostoevsky. Essential grammar review and intensive vocabulary building is integrated into the course. Prerequisite: RUS 231  or RUS 248 . Offered at the Johns Hopkins University. Fall semester. Samilenko.
  
  • RUS 260/360 - The Russian Press (4 Cr.)


    Readings in Russian. Occasional explanations in English.   This non-specialized translation course is grounded in advanced grammar and syntactical analysis. Discussions and assignments are designed to facilitate students’ command of knowledge and vocabulary in the areas of history, political science, economics, and culture. Major and minor credit is given for either 260 or 360, not both. Colltown students may take the course for 3 or 4 credits. Prerequisite: RUS 260E- none; RUS 260 - RUS 248; RUS 360 -permission of instructor. Alternating years 2018. Spring semester. Czeczulin. 
  
  • RUS 272G - Intensive Course Abroad Odessa, Charm City by the Black Sea (4 Cr.)


    In English or Russian. A four-credit, three-week intensive interdisciplinary language and cultural program with revolving themes on the rich history of Odessa and Russian/Jewish culture designed to appeal to a broad constituency, including English speakers with no Russian. Credits may be applied toward a minor or major in Russian or History. Prerequisites: HIS 254  or RUS 396 . Variable semesters. Program faculty.
  
  • RUS 290 - Internship in Russian (1-4 Cr.)


    Projects which enable students to make use of their Russian language skills in a work environment in this country or abroad with a government agency, business, or non-profit organization. This course is graded pass/no pass only and must be vetted by the instructor. Samilenko.
  
  • RUS 299 - Independent Work (1-4 Cr.)


    In Russian. Self-directed project utilizing Russian language skills. Samilenko.
 

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